Arun Garg

Dental amalgam has been maligned as a filling material, both because of its clinical properties and its alleged effects on systemic health, but reports of its demise have been premature. As of 2008, 57% of dentists were placing amalgam (March 2008 Dental Products Report Survey). A large 2011 survey showed that dentists in the United States placed more dental amalgam than composite for first-time restorations in posterior teeth. 1Still, amalgam use has certainly declined over the last two decades, in part because of improved alternative filling materials and techniques and declining rates of caries in children and young adults. When the automobile replaced the horse and buggy as the primary mode of transportation, there were few if any emotional attacks on horses, and no one called for a ban on horse and buggies–they were simply replaced with automobiles. Similarly, when composite resins were commercially introduced, they fairly quickly replaced silicate cements as the material of choice for anterior fillings. As was the case with automobiles replacing horses, there were few if any emotional attacks on silicate cements, and no one called for a ban on silicate cements–they were simply replaced with better materials.

Safety culture is a widely accepted concept, which can be used to analyze and explain the underlying logic of organizational behavior, especially how an organization works with respect to safety. The growing complexity and uncertainty in work environments continues to challenge this concept giving rise to a relatively new concept; the resilient safety culture (RSC). RSC emphasizes resilience, learning, continuous improvements, and readiness to respond through stable cognitive processes and variability in actions. This chapter argues that RSC can be perceived as a network connecting different organizational capabilities namely, psychological, behavioral, and managerial. Each capability is represented by a set of leading indicators. Using an organization as a case study where data were collected from employees operating on two different sites, the chapter applies social network analysis (SNA) combined with …

PURPOSE: Globally, the incidence of lung cancer amongst women appears to be increasing. We aimed to compare the socio-epidemiological and clinical characteristics of lung cancer among men and women from a large cohort at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India.METHODS: Records of patients with pathologically (histology or cytology) proven lung carcinoma diagnosed between January 2008 and March 2020 were reviewed. Baseline epidemiological data, clinical characteristics, histologic profiles, treatment administered, and survival were compared between males and females.RESULTS: The final analysis included 2054 male and 438 female patients. Compared to males, female patients were younger [median age, 56 vs 60 years, p< 0.001)], less likely to be working, less educated beyond secondary level, less likely to be smokers (29.1% vs 84.9%, p< 0.0001) and less likely to be heavy smokers …

Resilient engineering is a new area of research in safety engineering. Resilience is required in modern, dynamic organizational environments to more comprehensively address safety issues. The resilient safety culture of an organization can be attributed to behavioral, psychological and managerial capabilities as found in literature. To explore the concept of resilient safety culture in the extant literature, Leximancer (an automated text mining tool) was used to analyze 117 articles on safety culture including papers which dominate the resilient safety culture domain to a) assess the existence of several constructs and b) how they are conceptualized. There were two methodologies involved, one looking through focused approach and other using holistic approach. The analysis revealed that there were four major themes: resilience, managerial, psychological and behavioral. These themes were discussed in relation to …

The introduction of digital imaging and planning tools in dentistry has dramatically changed the traditional workflow and greatly expanded the range of treatment options available for patients with total or near-total edentulism. Although the placement of dental implants is the standard of care for restoring lost dentition, many edentulous patients were not candidates for this treatment in the past because alveolar resorption following tooth loss left them with inadequate bone to support them. Studies have shown that wearing removable dentures can reduce patients’ quality of life, causing pain and areas of discomfort, chewing and speaking difficulties, slippage, reduced occlusal force, and poor oral sensation. In contrast to conventional removable dentures, full-arch implant rehabilitation utilizing a digital workflow is a predictable treatment with less morbidity, less laboratory and clinical chair-time, and a substantial …

The term facial rejuvenation refers to several different categories of treatments designed to improve the appearance of the face: plastic surgery such as rhinoplasty, blepharoplasty, and rhytidectomy; less invasive procedures such as dermal abrasions and chemical peels; and the growing list of minimally invasive therapies, including laser skin resurfacing, microdermabrasion, neurotoxin injections, and dermal filler injections. Dermal fillers are administered in a very short timeframe and have immediate results. This chapter explores the benefits of using dermal fillers and different methods regarding facial rejuvenation that support aesthetic procedures and correlate with positive results.

Ebstein anomaly is a challenge to the anaesthetist in terms of large right atrium, atrialised right ventricle and various valve abnormalities associated with it like Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR), Mitral Stenosis (MS), Mitral Regurgitation (MR).

Background: Percutaneous cervical central venous cannulation is now common practice during Perioperative care in major surgical procedures, critically ill patients in intensive care units for long term hyperalimentation and for rapid restoration of blood volume in cases of acute blood loss. Proper route of insertion is essential for its success. The objective of this study is to compare procedural parameters and complications associated with anterior and posterior approaches for Internal Jugular Venous cannulation.Methods: Our study was conducted as a prospective randomized interventional trail in 60 patients undergoing scheduled cardiac surgeries requiring Right internal jugular venous cannulation in a tertiary level hospital after obtaining clearance from ethics committee, patients were randomly allocated into two groups either Anterior approach (Group A; n= 30) or Posterior Approach (Group B; n= 30). Number of attempts, time for identification of IJV, duration of cannulation, ease of insertion, complications were compared in both the groups.Results: The number of attempts (p value 0.036), mean time taken for vein identification (p value 0.0003), catheterization time (p value< 0.001), incidence of arterial puncture and hematoma are less with posterior approach, ease of threading is comparable among both the group. There were no statistically significant intergroup differences with respect to the Age, Sex, ASA grade.Conclusion: The posterior approach is better than anterior approach for Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation, as it improves the success rate, permits easy threading of catheter, reduces access time and duration of cannulation …